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| Kalba – priemonė atspindėti pasaulį [ Language as a Means of Reflect ing the World ] Ilga Jansone Acta Humanitarica Universitatis Saulensis 2007; 3(3):62-67 ICID: 888067 |
| Article type: Original article |
| IC™ Value: 3.00 |
English: One of the ways of exp ressing the surrounding world is to do it with the help of language. The following issues were touched upon in this article: how are language-related notions designated in different languages and what are their associative and nominative links. As a basis for the typologically nominative analysis, both Baltic languages – Latvian and Lithuanian, and for comparison, also other Indo-European and Finno-Ugric languages were used. In modern Latvian, the word valoda [language] is used for designating an ‘articulated system of signs–means of human communication and thinking’, while in the perip heral system the lexeme mēle [tongue] is also used. The material recorded in historical dictionaries shows that both lexemes have been used for designating an articulated system of signs in Latvian. In Lithuanian, the primary designation for an articulated system of signs is the word kalba [language]. Along with this lexeme, also polysemous denominations such as šnekà and žãdas are used for designation of language. The materials in historical dictionaries show that for designation of the organ of speech and an articulated system of signs the word liežuvis has been used. In some other Indo-European and Finno-Ugric languages, during the period of their real reconstruction, i.e. the period of writing, it is possible to recognize the typological system ‘organ of speech’ → language. In both living Baltic languages (at least in their literary form), as well as in other Indo-European languages, the semantic narrowing of lexemes designating ‘organs of speech of the oral cavity’ has occurred. Supposedly, also in both Baltic languages, initially one lexeme was used for designation of the organ of speech and language, as it still is in perip heral systems of language, or in perip heral meanings. |
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ICID 888067 |
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